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2028 United States Senate elections

2028 United States Senate elections

← 2026 November 7, 2028 2030 →

34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate
51 seats needed for a majority

2028 United States Senate election in Alabama2028 United States Senate election in Alaska2028 United States Senate election in Arizona2028 United States Senate election in Arkansas2028 United States Senate election in California2028 United States Senate election in Colorado2028 United States Senate election in Connecticut2028 United States Senate election in Florida2028 United States Senate election in Georgia2028 United States Senate election in Hawaii2028 United States Senate election in Idaho2028 United States Senate election in Illinois2028 United States Senate election in Indiana2028 United States Senate election in Iowa2028 United States Senate election in Kansas2028 United States Senate election in Kentucky2028 United States Senate election in Louisiana2028 United States Senate election in Maryland2028 United States Senate election in Missouri2028 United States Senate election in Nevada2028 United States Senate election in New Hampshire2028 United States Senate election in New York2028 United States Senate election in North Carolina2028 United States Senate election in North Dakota2028 United States Senate election in Ohio2028 United States Senate election in Oklahoma2028 United States Senate election in Oregon2028 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania2028 United States Senate election in South Carolina2028 United States Senate election in South Dakota2028 United States Senate election in Utah2028 United States Senate election in Vermont2028 United States Senate election in Washington2028 United States Senate election in Wisconsin
Map of the incumbents:
     Democratic incumbent
     Republican incumbent
     Republican incumbent retiring
     No election      Incumbent TBD

Incumbent Majority Leader

TBD in 2026



The 2028 United States Senate elections will be held on November 7, 2028, with 34 of the 100 seats in the Senate being contested in regular elections, the winners of which will serve 6-year terms in the United States Congress from January 3, 2029, to January 3, 2035. Senators are divided into 3 groups or classes whose terms are staggered so that a different class is elected every 2 years. Class 3 senators were last elected in 2022, and will be up for election again in 2028. These elections will run concurrently with the 2028 United States presidential election.

Partisan composition

All 34 Class 3 Senate seats are up for election in 2028; Class 3 currently consists of 19 Republicans and 15 Democrats. If vacancies occur in Class 1 or Class 2 Senate seats, that state might require a special election to take place during the 120th Congress, possibly concurrently with the other 2028 Senate elections.

Change in composition

Each block represents one of the one hundred seats in the U.S. Senate. "D#" is a Democratic senator and "R#" is a Republican senator. They are arranged so that the parties are separated and a majority is clear by crossing the middle.

Before the elections

Each block indicates an incumbent senator's actions going into the election.

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20
Conn.
Undeclared
D19
Colo.
Undeclared
D18
Ariz.
Undeclared
D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21
Calif.
Undeclared
D22
Ga.
Undeclared
D23
Hawaii
Undeclared
D24
Ill.
Undeclared
D25
Md.
Undeclared
D26
Nev.
Undeclared
D27
N.H.
Undeclared
D28
N.Y.
Undeclared
D29
Ore.
Undeclared
D30
Pa.
Undeclared
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
I2 I1 D32
Wash.
Undeclared
D31
Vt.
Undeclared
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
Majority →
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026

Ohio
TBD
in 2026

Florida
R31
Wisc.
Undeclared
R21
Kans.
Undeclared
R22
Ky.
Undeclared
R23
La.
Undeclared
R24
Mo.
Undeclared
R25
N.C.
Undeclared
R26
N.D.
Undeclared
R27
Okla.
Undeclared
R28
S.C.
Retiring
R29
S.D.
Undeclared
R30
Utah
Undeclared
R20
Iowa
Undeclared
R19
Ind.
Undeclared
R18
Idaho
Undeclared
R17
Ark.
Undeclared
R16
Alaska
Undeclared
R15
Ala.
Undeclared
R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10

After the elections

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
TBD
in 2026
I2 I1 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
Ariz.
TBD
Alaska
TBD
Ala.
TBD
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
Ark.
TBD
Calif.
TBD
Colo.
TBD
Conn.
TBD
Fla.
TBD
Ga.
TBD
Hawaii
TBD
Idaho
TBD
Ill.
TBD
Ind.
TBD
Majority TBD →
Iowa
TBD
N.C.
TBD
N.Y.
TBD
N.H.
TBD
Nev.
TBD
Mo.
TBD
Md.
TBD
La.
TBD
Ky.
TBD
Kans.
TBD
N.D.
TBD
Ohio
TBD
Okla.
TBD
Ore.
TBD
Pa.
TBD
S.C.
TBD
S.D.
TBD
Utah
TBD
Vt.
TBD
Wash.
TBD
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
Wisc.
TBD
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
TBD
in 2026
R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10
Key
D# Democratic
R# Republican
I# Independent, caucusing with Democrats

Retirements

State Senator Ref

Race summary

Elections leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winners will be elected for the term beginning January 3, 2029.

State
(linked to
summaries below)
Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history Last race
Alabama Katie Britt Republican 2022 66.8% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Alaska Lisa Murkowski Republican 2002 (appointed)
2004
2010
2016
2022
53.7% R[a] Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Arizona Mark Kelly Democratic 2020 (special)
2022
51.4% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Arkansas John Boozman Republican 2010
2016
2022
65.7% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
California Alex Padilla Democratic 2021 (appointed)
2022 (special)
2022
61.1% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Colorado Michael Bennet Democratic 2009 (appointed)
2010
2016
2022
55.9% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Connecticut Richard Blumenthal Democratic 2010
2016
2022
57.5% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Florida TBD TBD[b] 2026 (special) TBD[c] Incumbent to be determined in 2026
  • TBD
Georgia Raphael Warnock Democratic 2021 (special)
2022
51.4% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Hawaii Brian Schatz Democratic 2012 (appointed)
2014 (special)
2016
2022
71.2% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Idaho Mike Crapo Republican 1998
2004
2010
2016
2022
60.7% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Illinois Tammy Duckworth Democratic 2016
2022
56.8% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Indiana Todd Young Republican 2016
2022
58.6% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Iowa Chuck Grassley Republican 1980
1986
1992
1998
2004
2010
2016
2022
56.1% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Kansas Jerry Moran Republican 2010
2016
2022
60.0% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Kentucky Rand Paul Republican 2010
2016
2022
61.8% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Louisiana John Kennedy Republican 2016
2022
61.6% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Maryland Chris Van Hollen Democratic 2016
2022
65.8% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Missouri Eric Schmitt Republican 2022 55.4% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Nevada Catherine Cortez Masto Democratic 2016
2022
48.8% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
New Hampshire Maggie Hassan Democratic 2016
2022
53.5% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
New York Chuck Schumer Democratic 1998
2004
2010
2016
2022
56.8% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
North Carolina Ted Budd Republican 2022 50.5% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
North Dakota John Hoeven Republican 2010
2016
2022
56.4% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Ohio TBD TBD[d] 2026 (special) TBD[e] Incumbent to be determined in 2026
  • TBD
Oklahoma James Lankford Republican 2014 (special)
2016
2022
64.3% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Oregon Ron Wyden Democratic 1996 (special)
1998
2004
2010
2016
2022
55.8% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Pennsylvania John Fetterman Democratic 2022 51.2% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
South Carolina Tim Scott Republican 2013 (appointed)
2014 (special)
2016
2022
62.9% R Incumbent retiring
  • TBD
South Dakota John Thune Republican 2004
2010
2016
2022
69.6% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Utah Mike Lee Republican 2010
2016
2022
53.2% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Vermont Peter Welch Democratic 2022 68.5% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Washington Patty Murray Democratic 1992
1998
2004
2010
2016
2022
57.1% D Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD
Wisconsin Ron Johnson Republican 2010
2016
2022
50.4% R Incumbent's intent unknown
  • TBD

Alabama

One-term Republican Katie Britt was elected in 2022 with 66.8% of the vote.

Alaska

Four-term Republican Lisa Murkowski was re-elected in 2022 with 53.7% of the vote. She has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[1]

Arizona

Democratic incumbent Mark Kelly was elected to a full term in 2022 with 51.4% of the vote, first being elected in a special election in 2020 to complete the remainder of Republican John McCain's term. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[2]

Arkansas

Three-term Republican John Boozman was re-elected in 2022 with 65.7% of the vote. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[3]

California

One-term Democrat Alex Padilla was elected to a first full term in 2022 with 61.1% of the vote, having first been appointed in 2021 to complete the remainder of Democrat Kamala Harris's term upon her swearing in as Vice President of the United States.

Colorado

Three-term Democrat Michael Bennet was re-elected in 2022 with 55.9% of the vote. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[4]

Connecticut

Three-term Democrat Richard Blumenthal was re-elected in 2022 with 57.5% of the vote. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[5]

Florida

Three-term Republican Marco Rubio was re-elected in 2022 with 57.7% of the vote. On November 13, 2024, Rubio was nominated to be Trump's secretary of state.[6] If Rubio is confirmed and then resigns, there will be a special election for this seat at some point in 2026.

Georgia

One-term Democrat Raphael Warnock was elected to a full term in a 2022 runoff with 51.4% of the vote, having first been elected in a special election in a 2021 runoff to complete the remainder of Republican Johnny Isakson's term. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[7]

Hawaii

Democratic incumbent Brian Schatz was re-elected in 2022 to a second full term with 71.2% of the vote.

Idaho

Five-term Republican Mike Crapo was re-elected in 2022 with 60.7% of the vote.

Illinois

Two-term Democrat Tammy Duckworth was re-elected in 2022 with 56.8% of the vote. She has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[8]

Filmmaker Austin James Mink, has filed paperwork to run in the Democratic Primary.

Indiana

Two-term Republican Todd Young was re-elected in 2022 with 58.6% of the vote.

Iowa

Eight-term Republican Chuck Grassley was re-elected in 2022 with 56.0% of the vote. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[9] The most senior member of the Senate, Grassley will be 95 years old at the time of the election.

Kansas

Three-term Republican Jerry Moran was re-elected in 2022 with 60.0% of the vote. He is eligible to run for re-election

Kentucky

Three-term Republican Rand Paul was re-elected in 2022 with 61.8% of the vote. He is eligible to run for re-election but has not yet stated if he will do so.

Louisiana

Two-term Republican John Kennedy was re-elected in 2022 with 61.6% of the vote in the first round of the "Louisiana primary".

Maryland

Two-term Democrat Chris Van Hollen was re-elected in 2022 with 65.8% of the vote. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[10]

Missouri

One-term Republican Eric Schmitt was elected in 2022 with 55.4% of the vote.

Nevada

Two-term Democrat Catherine Cortez Masto was re-elected in 2022 with 48.8% of the vote. She has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[11]

New Hampshire

Two-term Democrat Maggie Hassan was re-elected in 2022 with 53.5% of the vote. She has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[12]

New York

Five-term Democrat and Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer was re-elected in 2022 with 56.8% of the vote. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[13]

Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez has been seen as a possible candidate for the election.[14]

North Carolina

One-term Republican Ted Budd was elected in 2022 with 50.5% of the vote.

North Dakota

Three-term Republican John Hoeven was re-elected in 2022 with 56.4% of the vote. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[15]

Ohio

One-term Republican JD Vance was elected in 2022 with 53% of the vote. He had filed paperwork to run for re-election.[16] However, Vance was nominated as his party's candidate for Vice President in the 2024 presidential election and was elected to the office, meaning he will resign his Senate seat before his term expires; governor Mike DeWine will appoint an interim successor, and a special election will be held in 2026.[17][18]

Names circulated on Vance replacements include 2024 senate candidate and state senator Matt Dolan, Secretary of State Frank LaRose, and 2024 presidential candidate Vivek Ramaswamy.[19][20][21][22]

Oklahoma

Two-term Republican James Lankford was re-elected in 2022 with 64.3% of the vote. On January 29, 2024, the Oklahoma Republican Party censured Lankford for negotiating with Democrats on a potential border deal.[23] In an interview the following month, former president Donald Trump stated that Lankford's actions are "very bad for his career" and did not rule out endorsing a primary challenger in 2028.[24]

Oregon

Five-term Democrat Ron Wyden was re-elected in 2022 with 55.9% of the vote. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[25]

Pennsylvania

One-term Democrat John Fetterman was elected in 2022 with 51.2% of the vote. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[26]

South Carolina

Republican incumbent Tim Scott was re-elected in 2022 with 62.9% of the vote. Scott pledged that he would not run for office after his 2022 re-election race;[27] despite this, Scott unsuccessfully ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2024.[28][29][30]

South Dakota

Four-term Republican and Senate Republican Leader John Thune was re-elected in 2022 with 69.6% of the vote. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[31]

Utah

Three-term Republican Mike Lee was re-elected in 2022 with 53.2% of the vote. He has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[32]

Vermont

One-term Democrat Peter Welch was elected in 2022 with 68.5% of the vote.

Washington

Six-term Democrat Patty Murray was re-elected in 2022 with 57.1% of the vote. She has filed paperwork to run for re-election.[33]

Wisconsin

Three-term Republican Ron Johnson was re-elected in 2022 with 50.4% of the vote.

Republican businessman Scott Mayer speculated on running for Johnson's seat after passing up running for Wisconsin's other Senate seat in 2024.[34]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Against fellow Republican
  2. ^ Incumbent Marco Rubio is expected to resign after being appointed Secretary of State. The interim appointee will be appointed by the governor of Florida Ron DeSantis; a special election will take place on November 3, 2026.
  3. ^ Republican Marco Rubio won with 57.7% of the vote in 2022, he is expected to resign after being appointed Secretary of State.
  4. ^ Incumbent JD Vance is expected to resign before January 2025, after being elected Vice President of the United States. The interim appointee will be appointed by the governor of Ohio Mike DeWine; a special election will take place on November 3, 2026.
  5. ^ Republican JD Vance won with 53.0% of the vote in 2022, he is expected to resign before January 2025 after being elected Vice President of the United States.

References

  1. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1672561". Federal Election Commission. December 14, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  2. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1667823". Federal Election Commission. December 8, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  3. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1672553". Federal Election Commission. December 14, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  4. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1661889". Federal Election Commission. November 18, 2022. Retrieved December 23, 2022.
  5. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1662209". Federal Election Commission. November 21, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  6. ^ Beggin, Riley (November 13, 2024). "Trump Expected to Name Marco Rubio as Secretary of State". USA Today. Archived from the original on November 13, 2024. Retrieved November 16, 2024.
  7. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1672828". Federal Election Commission. December 16, 2022. Retrieved December 23, 2022.
  8. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1662679". Federal Election Commission. November 28, 2022. Retrieved December 26, 2022.
  9. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1661660". Federal Election Commission. November 16, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  10. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1662385". Federal Election Commission. November 23, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  11. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1662025". Federal Election Commission. November 18, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  12. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1661856". Federal Election Commission. November 17, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  13. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1661663". Federal Election Commission. November 16, 2022. Retrieved December 23, 2022.
  14. ^ "AOC doesn't want to be mayor of New York City. Most likely, she has bigger plans". independent.co.uk. The Independent. Retrieved November 9, 2024.
  15. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1661119". Federal Election Commission. November 9, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  16. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1683098". Federal Election Commission. January 31, 2023. Retrieved February 24, 2022.
  17. ^ Steinhauser, Paul; Gillespie, Brandon (July 15, 2024). "Trump announces Ohio Sen JD Vance as his 2024 running mate". Fox News. Retrieved July 15, 2024.
  18. ^ Bradner, Eric; Main, Alison (November 6, 2024). "Trump critic-turned-ally JD Vance elected vice president, offering glimpse at GOP's potential future". CNN. Retrieved November 14, 2024.
  19. ^ Robertson, Nick (July 15, 2024). "What happens to JD Vance's Ohio Senate seat if he becomes VP under Trump?". The Hill. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
  20. ^ "What will happen to his Senate seat if Ohio's JD Vance becomes vice president? A look at the rules for naming a successor". wkyc.com. July 15, 2024. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
  21. ^ BeMiller, Haley. "Ohio will have open Senate seat in 2025 if JD Vance becomes VP. Who could DeWine appoint?". The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
  22. ^ "Nikki Haley Endorses Trump in Milwaukee as RNC Caps Second Day". Retrieved September 6, 2024.
  23. ^ Kochi, Sudiksha (January 29, 2024). "Republican senator censured by Oklahoma GOP for negotiating with Democrats on fragile border deal". USA Today.
  24. ^ Fortinsky, Sarah (February 5, 2024). "Trump says border bill 'very bad' for Lankford's career". The Hill. Retrieved July 15, 2024.
  25. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1672375". Federal Election Commission. December 12, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  26. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1661811". Federal Election Commission. November 17, 2022. Retrieved December 26, 2022.
  27. ^ Byrd, Caitlin (August 9, 2019). "Sen. Tim Scott says his 2022 SC reelection bid will be his last political race". Post and Courier. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
  28. ^ Allison, Natalie (May 19, 2023). "Tim Scott files paperwork to run for president". POLITICO. Retrieved May 19, 2023.
  29. ^ Vakil, Caroline (November 12, 2023). "Tim Scott suspends 2024 GOP primary bid". The Hill. Retrieved November 13, 2023.
  30. ^ Holmes, Kristen; Atwood, Kylie; Zanona, Melanie; Sullivan, Kate (January 20, 2024). "Sen. Tim Scott endorses Trump in New Hampshire amid full-court press against Haley". CNN. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
  31. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1661932". Federal Election Commission. November 18, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  32. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1661629". Federal Election Commission. November 16, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  33. ^ "FEC Report 2 for FEC-1662924". Federal Election Commission. November 29, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  34. ^ "Mayer passing on U.S. Senate bid, wants to avoid 'bloody primary' with Hovde". WisPolitics. March 20, 2024. Retrieved April 1, 2024.

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