Førde

Førde Municipality Førde kommune
Former municipality
Førde town center
Flag Coat of arms
Sogn og Fjordane within Norway
Førde within Sogn og Fjordane
Coordinates: 61°26′35″N 05°54′13″E / 61.44306°N 5.90361°E / 61.44306; 5.90361
Country	Norway
County	Sogn og Fjordane
District	Sunnfjord
Established	1 Jan 1838
• Created as	Formannskapsdistrikt
Disestablished	1 Jan 2020
• Succeeded by	Sunnfjord Municipality
Administrative centre	Førde
Government
• Mayor (2011-2019)	Olve Arlid Grotle (H)
Area  (upon dissolution)
• Total	585.96 km2 (226.24 sq mi)
• Land	553.01 km2 (213.52 sq mi)
• Water	32.95 km2 (12.72 sq mi)  5.6%
• Rank	#189 in Norway
Population  (2019)
• Total	13,092
• Rank	#93 in Norway
• Density	23.7/km2 (61/sq mi)
• Change (10 years)	+10.6%
Demonym	Førdianar[1]
Official language [2]
• Norwegian form	Nynorsk
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 code	NO-1432[3]
Website	Official website
Data from Statistics Norway

Førde is a former municipality in the county of Sogn og Fjordane, Norway. It was located in the traditional district of Sunnfjord. The administrative center was the town of Førde which in 2016 had 10,255 inhabitants.^[4] Other villages in Førde municipality included Bruland, Holsen, Moskog, and Haukedalen. The Øyrane area in the town of Førde was a large industrial/commercial area for the region. The European Route E39 highway passed through the municipality, and it passed by the lake Holsavatnet.

Førde Airport, Bringeland was the regional airport, located about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) from the town centre with flights that connect Oslo and Bergen with Førde. The airport was actually located in neighboring Gaular municipality, just south of the border. The largest hospital in Sogn og Fjordane county, Førde Central Hospital, and the regional offices of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation are located in the town. The International Førde Folk Music Festival is held each summer. The local newspaper is called Firda.

At the time of its dissolution in 2020, the 586-square-kilometre (226 sq mi) municipality is the 189th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Førde is the 93rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 13,092. The municipality's population density is 23.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (61/sq mi) and its population has increased by 10.6% over the last decade.^[5][6]

Førde was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). The original municipality was identical to the Førde parish (prestegjeld) with the sub-parishes (sokn) of Førde, Holsen, and Naustdal.^[7] On 1 January 1896, the northern sub-parish of Naustdal (population: 2,543) was separated from Førde and it became a municipality of its own. This left Førde with 2,903 residents.^[8]

During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, the areas of Naustdal south of the Førdefjorden (population: 265) were transferred to Førde municipality.^[8]

On 1 January 2020, the neighboring municipalities of Førde, Naustdal, Gaular, and Jølster were merged to form the new Sunnfjord Municipality.^[9]

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Førde farm (Old Norse: Fjǫrðr [nominative] and Firði [dative]) since the first Førde Church was built there. The name is identical with the word fjǫrðr which means "firth" or "fjord", referring to the fjord now called Førdefjorden.^[10]

The coat of arms was granted on 27 April 1990 and it was in use until 1 January 2020 when the municipality was dissolved. The official blazon is "Gules, three plowshares argent, two over one" (Norwegian: På raud grunn tre sølv plogjarn, 2-1). This means the arms have a red field (background) and the charge is a set of three plowshares. The charge has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The design was chosen to symbolize the three pillars of the local economy: agriculture, horticulture, and development. The arms were designed by Inge Rotevatn. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.^[11][12][13]

The Church of Norway had two parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Førde. It was part of the Sunnfjord prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin.

The municipality of Førde encompasses the valleys that lead away from the inner end of the Førdefjorden. The municipality of Naustdal borders Førde to the north, the municipalities of Jølster, Sogndal, and Balestrand are to the east, Gaular municipality is to the south, and the municipality of Askvoll lies to the west. The two largest lakes are Holsavatnet and Haukedalsvatnet. The rivers Jølstra and Gaula are both partially located in Førde municipality. The Gaularfjellet mountains are located in the east and south of the municipality. The glaciers Grovabreen and Jostefonn are located in the eastern mountainous part of Førde. The westernmost edges of the Jostedalsbreen National Park are located in the Haukedalen valley in Førde.

While it existed, this municipality was responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment, social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor was indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.^[14] The municipality was under the jurisdiction of the Sogn og Fjordane District Court and the Gulating Court of Appeal.

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Førde was made up of 27 representatives that were elected to four year terms. The party breakdown of the final municipal council was as follows:

The mayors (Nynorsk: ordførar) of Førde:^[32]

• Huldefossen: Located approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the town of Førde, it is a 90 metres (300 ft) tall waterfall into the peaceful valley below.
• Halbrendsfossen: located a short walk from the Førde town center. It is a very powerful waterfall in the spring.^[33]

The Salmon is a 65 metres (213 ft) long stone sculpture which is Norway's longest individual sculpture. It was created by Jørn Rønnau. It blends naturally in with the green surroundings on the banks of the river Jølstra, close to the Førdehuset cultural centre.^[33]

Førdehuset (literal meaning: the Førde house) is a regional cultural centre, a cornerstone for cultural life in Western Norway. The centre is centrally located in the town of Førde, surrounded by a sports complex, amphitheatre, and is next door to the County Gallery. A multitude of cultural activities are gathered together under one roof - small and large attractions/events the whole year round.^[33]

Norwegian County Road 13 (Fv13) is one of 18 national tourist roads in Norway because of the nearby waterfalls. From Førde, drivers start on a sightseeing journey with cultural attractions that date from the 19th century to the present day's city environment. The districts of Holsen and Haukedalen are typical of Western Norwegian farming communities that have created a picturesque cultivated landscape.

Rørvik Mountain, the trail with the fascinating stone walls and a marvellous view over Haukedalen. Along Råheimsdalen and Eldalen to the Gaularfjellet mountains, you will see a marvellous waterfall landscape that has been landscaped with paths for visitors. From the top of Gaularfjell mountains, hairpin bends wind down to the Vetlefjorden, an arm of the Sognefjorden. The breathtaking contrasts of steep mountainsides, winding roads, and waterfalls are characteristic of Western Norway’s exceptional scenery.^[33]

The Sunnfjord Museum is one of four district museums in Sogn og Fjordane County. The main courtyard of the outdoor museum is a cluster of 25 restored antiquarian buildings sited in a cultural landscape representative of the same period. These buildings provide an insight into life and lifestyles in the Sunnfjord districts around the middle of the 19th century. The land tenant's home is on its original site with the interior as it was at the end of the 19th century. In June, July and August, there are daily guided tours through the old buildings.^[33]

Førde is twinned with:

• La Crosse, Wisconsin, United States.
• Kent, Washington, United States. Each year two students ages 14–17 are exchanged between the two cities to be youth ambassadors of their country.^{[citation needed]}

• List of former municipalities of Norway

• NRK Municipality encyclopedia (in Norwegian)
• Førde Folk Music Festival (in Norwegian) also in English, Deutsch and francais
• Firda (local newspaper) (in Norwegian)