Feliks Kołyszko

Feliks Kołyszko alias Śmiałyński^[3] (Lithuanian: Feliksas Kolyška; 30 May 1837 in Vilnius – 19 February 1889 in Menton^[4]) was a Polish-Lithuanian participant of the 1863 January Uprising.^[1] Feliks (Feliksas) was the older brother of Bolesław Kołyszko (Lithuanian: Boleslovas Kolyška) a notable leader of the January Uprising that was aimed at the restoration of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Kołyszko was born in Vilnius into a petty noble family as a son of Wincenty Adolf Kołyszko and his wife Apolina Bańkowska^[4] or, according to other sources a woman from the Jursza family.^[3] In 1851, at the age of fourteen and while a student of the Vilnius Gymnasium, he was arrested and sent to an Imperial Russian Army disciplinary battalion.^[1] He remained in it until 1861.^[1] In 1862 he was arrested for wearing a national costume and possession of illegal patriotic leaflets.^[3]

During the January Uprising of 1863, he commanded a rebel unit in the counties of Trakai and Kalvarija.^[1] During spring, Feliks Kołyszko operated in the area between Jieznas and Butrimonys together with other rebels.^[5][6] On May 12, he and his unit, totaling 36 soldiers, fought with an Imperial Russian guard company at Žilinai.^[7] On August 7, Kołyszko and his group of about 185 rebels were attacked by 300 hussars and cossacks near Stračiūnai [lt].^[8]

Kołyszko and his unit were remembered in a folk song of Vėžionys [lt]:^[9]

Thereafter he emigrated to France, where he worked in Chemins de fer du Nord and lived in Pontoise.^[4] On 17 April 1870 married Antonina Katarzyna Eudoksja Wróblewska in Paris. After the death of the first wife, he married Maria de Gozdawa Gostkowska on 6 July 1879.^[4] Kołyszko died on 18 February 1889 and was buried in Trabuquet cemetery in Menton.^[4]

• Butkienė, Lina (3 October 2013). "Iš Butrimonių praeities" (in Lithuanian).
• Bernardinai.lt (28 June 2013). "Laiko juosta: žymiausi 1863 metų sukilimo mūšiai (II dalis)" (in Lithuanian).
• Čepėnas, Pranas (1957). "Feliksas Kolyška". Lietuvių enciklopedija (in Lithuanian). Vol. 12. Boston. p. 223.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Dacka-Górzyńska, Iwona; Górzyński, Sławomir (2015). Polacy pochowani na cmentarzach Nicei i Mentony [Poles buried in the cemeteries of Nice and Mentona] (in Polish). Warsaw: DiG. ISBN 978-83-7181-781-6.
• Dunderis, Vilmantas (20 September 2013). "1863-1864 m. sukilimas: Krikštonių mūšis" (in Lithuanian).
• Kozłowski, Eligiusz (1968). "Feliks Kołyszko". Polski Słownik Biograficzny (in Polish). Vol. 13. Wrocław. pp. 369–370.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Kuzmickas, Vytautas (13 April 2013). "1863-ieji Verknės ir Nemuno krašte: kovos, viltys ir netektys (IV)". Nemuno krašto laikraštis "Naujasis Gėlupis" (in Lithuanian).
• Ružancovas, A. (1938). "Kautynės prieš 75 m." Trimitas (in Lithuanian). 37: 898.