Xarames

Xarame
Regions with significant populations
	southern Texas, U.S.;; Nuevo León, Mexico
Languages
	Coahuiltecan languages
Religion
	Indigenous religion, Roman Catholicism

The Xarames were an Indigenous people of the Americas of the San Antonio, Texas region.^[1] They were the dominant Native American group during the early history of Mission San Antonio de Valero (commonly known as "The Alamo").^[2] They were a Coahuiltecan people.^[1]

They are distinct from the Xaraname who lived near the Texas coast.^[1]

Name

The name Xarame has also been written as Charame, Chaulama, Jarame, Shiarame, and Zarame.^[1]

They Xarame likely originated in the Edwards Plateau between the Nueces River and the Frio River. In 1699, Spanish colonists established the San Juan Bautista Mission in Coahuila to convert Xarame and three other Coahuiltecan bands.^[1] After the Spanish established another mission near present-day Eagle Pass, Texas, some Xarame moved there.^[1] Others moved to the San Francisco Solano Mission founded in 1700 in Coahuila, Mexico.^[1]

The San Antonio de Valero mission mentioned the Xarame as late as 1776.^[1]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Campbell, Thomas N. "Xarame Indians". Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
^ Barr, Juliana. Peace Came in the Form of a Woman: Indians and Spaniards in the Texas Borderlands. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007. p. 128.

v t Native American tribes in Texas
Federally recognized tribes	Alabama–Coushatta Kickapoo Traditional Tribe Ysleta del Sur Pueblo
Indigenous languages	Araname^† Atacapan^† Borrado^† Caddo Coahuiltecan^† Cotoname^† Garzan^† Pakawan^† Solano^† Tamaulipecan Tanpachoan^† Tiwa Tonkawan^† Wichita^†
Historical Indigenous peoples of Texas (Several are in Oklahoma today)	Adai^≠ Anxau^≠ Apache (Lipan Apache^°, Querecho^><) Aranama^≠ Atakapa^≠ (Akokna, Akokisa, Bidai, Deadose) Caddo^* (Eyeish, Hasinai, Hainai, Kadohadacho, Nabedache, Nabiti, Nacogdoche, Nacono, Nadaco, Nanatsoho, Lower Nasoni, Neche, Nechaui) Cherokee, Texas^°* Coahuiltecan^≠ (Ervipiame, Pajalat, Payaya, Sijame, Xarames) Comanche^* Decose^≠ Emet^≠ Jumanos^≠ Karankawa^≠ (Copano^≠) Kohani^≠ Mayeye^≠ Pachal^≠ Pacoa^≠ Paguame^≠ Pampopa^≠ Papanac^≠ Pastia^≠ Pasxa^≠ Patiri^≠ Pulacuam^≠ Sana^≠ Saracuam^≠ Semonam^≠ Tamique^≠ Teyas^° Tilijae Tomoacas Tonkawa^* Wichita and Affiliated Tribes^* (Kichai, Taovaya, Tawakoni, Waco, Wichita proper) Yojuane^≠
Related topics	Sam Houston and Native American relations
^† extinct language / ^≠ extinct tribe / ^>< early, obsolete name of Indigenous tribe / ^° people absorbed into other tribe(s) / ^* headquartered in Oklahoma today